Part 1 · The Concept · 3 min
Retirement Plan, Yarn?
A joke about children as a "retirement plan" hides a real question: what do Filipino youth feel they owe their families, and why?
The journal
Ten essays, four parts
Part 1 · The Concept · 3 min
What We Mean When We Say Utang na Loob
It is not a loan, and it is not just "thank you." A plain-language tour of one of the most discussed ideas in Filipino psychology.
Part 1 · The Concept · 3 min
Kapwa Comes First
Utang na loob makes more sense once you see the self the way kapwa does: as part of a "we."
Part 1 · The Concept · 3 min
Gratitude Isn't a Receipt
Gratitude research from outside the Philippines helps explain why "paying back" can never fully capture what thankfulness is.